Literature
Albors-Llorens, A. “Horizontal agreements and concerted practices in EC Competition law: Unlawful and legitimate contacts between competitors.” The Antitrust Bulletin Vol 51, No. 4 (2006) pp. 837-876. https://doi.org/10.1177/0 003 603X0 605 100 404.
Alphaliner. “Alphaliner TOP 100.” Available at:Top 100 (axsmarine.com). Retrieved 6 November 2022.
Arnesen, F. & Stenvik, A. Internasjonalisering og juridisk metode: særlig om EØS-rettens betydning i norsk rett (Internationalisation and legal method: particularly concerning EEA law’s impact on Norwegian law). 2nd edition, Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 2015.
Bennathan, E. & Walters, A., A. “Revenue Pooling and Cartels.” Oxford Economic Papers Vol 21, No. 2 (1969) pp. 161-176.https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a041 123.
Bennet, M. & Collins, P. “The Law and Economics of Information Sharing: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.” European Competition Journal Vol. 6, No. 2 (2010) pp. 311-337. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.5235/174 410 510 792 283 754.
Bergqvist, C. “When Do Agreements Restrict Competition in EU Competition Law?” Nordic Journal of European Law Vol. 5, No. 1 (2022) pp. 96-118. https://doi.org/10.36 969/njel.v5i1.24 500.
Camesasca, P., D. & Schmidt, A. K. “New EC Horizontal Guidelines: Providing Helpful Guidance in the Highly Diverse and Complex Field of Competitor Cooperation and Information Exchanges.” Journal of European Competition Law & Practice Vol. 2, No. 3 (2011) pp. 227-229. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpr022.
Camesasca, P., D., Schmidt, A. K., and Clancy, M., J. “The EC Commission’s Draft Horizontal Guidelines: Presumed Guilty when Having a Chat.” Journal of European Competition Law & Practice Vol. 1, No. 5 (2010) pp. 405-417. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpq051.
Capobianco, A. “Information Exchange under EC Competition Law.” Common Market Review Vol. 41, No. 5 (2004) pp. 1247-1276. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.54 648/cola2 004 047.
El Kalla, M., Zec, D. and Jugović, A. “Container ports competition in light of contemporary liner shipping market dynamics.” Scientific Journal of Maritime Research Vol. 31, No. 2 (2017) 128-136.07_400_31_2_17_Kalla-Damir_Zec-Jugovic.pdf (uniri.hr).
Eurofound. “European Court of Justice.” (17 February 2017) Available at: European Court of Justice | Eurofound (europa.eu). Retrieved 10 November 2022.
European Commission (2022a) “EU competition law – evaluation of the Consortia Block Exemption Regulation.” Available at EU competition law – evaluation of the Consortia Block Exemption Regulation (europa.eu). Retrieved 1 October 2022.
European Commission (2022b) " Feedback and statistics: Call for evidence for an evaluation.” Available at EU competition law – evaluation of the Consortia Block Exemption Regulation (europa.eu). Retrieved 16 October 2022.
Foros, Ø & Hjelmeng, E. “Prissignalisering og forbudet mot konkurransebegrensende samarbeid (Price signalling and the prohibition against anti-competitive cooperation).” Tidsskrift for Forretningsjus Vol. 27 No. 2 (2021) pp. 183-210. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.18 261/issn.0809-9510-2021-02-03.
Gassler, M. Information Exchange Between Competitors in EU Competition Law. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2021.
Hirata, E. “Contestability of Container Liner Shipping Market in Alliance Era.” The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics Vol. 33, No. 1 (2017) pp. 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2017.03.004.
Hjelmeng, E. & Østerud, E. “Formålsvilkåret i konkurranseloven § 10 og EØS-avtalen artikkel 53 (The ‘object’-alternative in the Competition Act § 10 and EEA Agreement Article 53).” Jussens Venner Vol. 57, No. 2 (2022) pp. 63-87. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.18 261/jv.57.2.1.
Ibáñez Colomo, P. & Lamadrid, A. “On the Notion of Restriction of Competition: What We Know and What We Don’t Know We Know.” In Damien Gerard, Massimo Merola and Bernd Meyring (eds), The Notion of Restriction of Competition: Revisiting the Foundations of Antitrust Enforcement in Europe. Gerard, D., Massimo, M. and Meyring, B. eds., Brussels: Bruylant, 2017, pp. 1-47.
Jones, A., Sufrin, B. and Dunne, N. Jones & Sufrin’s EU Competition Law – Text, cases, and materials. 7th edition., London: Oxford university press, 2019.
King, S. “Agreements that restrict competition by object under Article 101(1) TFEU: past, present and future.” PhD thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (2015). Available at: King_Agreements_that_restrict_competition_by_object_under_Article_101.pdf (lse.ac.uk).
Kühn, K. “Fighting Collusion by Regulating Communication between Firms.” Economic Policy, Vol. 16, No. 31 (2001) pp.167-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0327.00 073.
Luo, M., Fan, L., and Wilson, W., W. “Firm Growth and Market Concentration in Liner Shipping.” Journal of Transport Economics and Policy Vol. 48, No. 1 (2014) pp. 171-187. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24 396 255.
Maersk “A.P. Moller – Maersk continues the record streak with strong Q3 results.” (2 November 2022) Available at A.P. Moller – Maersk continues the record streak with strong Q3 results | Maersk. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
OECD (2015a) “Competition Issues in Liner Shipping.” (2015) Competition Issues in Liner Shipping - OECD Retrieved 1 November 2022.
OECD (2015b) Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation - Executive Summary of the Roundtable on Competition Issues in Liner Shipping. DAF/COMP/WP2/M(2015)1/ANN3. Paris: 19 June 2015. Available at: pdf (oecd.org).
Power, V. EU Shipping Law. 3rd edition, New York: Informa Law from Routledge, 2019.
Pozdnakova, A. Liner Shipping and EU Competition Law. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2008.
Sejersted, F., Arnesen, F., Rognstad, O. A., Kolstad, O. and Foyn, S. EØS-rett (EEA Law). 3rd edition. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 2011.
Slack, B., Comtois, C. and McCalla, R. “Strategic alliances in the container shipping industry: a global perspective.” Maritime Policy & Management Vol. 29, No. 1 (2002) pp. 65-76. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.1080/03 088 830 110 063 694.
Smith, P., Ridyard, D., Petrescu, M. and Smith, P. “Price announcements and competition law: an economic perspective.” Competition law & policy debate Vol. 1, No. 2 (2015) pp. 33-45. Law Journal Library - HeinOnline.org (uio.no).
Statistia. “Rising container freight rates - statistics & facts.” (12 July 2022) Available at: Rising container freight rates - statistics & facts | Statista. Retrieved 10 November 2022.
Van Bael & Bellis. Competition Law of the European Union. 6th edition, The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2021.
Van Gerven, G. & Navarro Varona, E. “The Wood Pulp case and the future of
concerted practices.” Common Market Law Review Vol. 31, No. 3 (1994) pp. 575-608. Kluwer Law International Journal Library - HeinOnline.org (uio.no).
Wen, M., Larsen, R., Ropke, S., Petersen, H., L. and Madsen O., B., G. “Centralised horizontal cooperation and profit sharing in a shipping pool.” Journal of the Operational Research Society Vol. 70, No. 5 (2019) pp. 737-750. https://doi-org.ezproxy.uio.no/10.1080/01 605 682.2018.1 457 481.
Whish, R. & Bailey, D. Competition Law. 10th edition, London: Oxford University Press, 2021.